Swing hammer assembly



Deco 9, 1952 KElPER 2,620,989

SWING HAMMER ASSEMBLY Filed March 7, 1951 INVENTOR Patented Dec. 9, 1952 UNITED STATES :TENT OFFICE SWING HAMIVIER ASSEMBLY Application March 7, 1951, Serial-P10114399 2- Claims. 1

This invention relates to a renewabletip type hammer for an impact type crusher and "more particularly to a mechanism for locking-the hammer tip to the shank.

The object of this invention is to provide an impact type hammer with a renewable hamme'r tip that is easily attached to and-removed from the hammer shank and locked in place.

Another object of the invention is toprovide a renewable tip that will remainsecurelyin place and may be easil-yremoved when the hammer is wornout.

Another object is to provide 'afself-locking mechanism for looking a renewable ham-mer tip on a hammer shank.

Other and further objects and advantages will be understood from the following description taken in connection with the-accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a sectional View of an assem-hled hammer;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational-view of the shank of the hammer; I

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View of the hammer tip of this invention;

Fig. i is a side sectional view'Oftheti-p of the hammer; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional view partially in'elevation of an assembled hammer illustrating another embodiment of the invention.

The hammer of this invention as-sho'wn i-n Fig. 1 is comprised'of a massive hammertiplfl carried on oneend of ahammer shank'i' I. The other end of the shank H is formedas an eye-4'2. As shown in Fig. 2, a shaft l3 passes throughthe eye 12 to support the hammer assembly on a rotor not shown. The hammer assembly swings on the shaft 13 upon rotation of the rotor. As shown in Fig. 3, the tip I is separable from the shank I l and slidably mounted thereon by an interengaging fit between the tip Hl and. the shank H, as shown in Fig. -1. elongated pediment i4 is formed on the end of the shank H which engages the tip Ill. As shown in Fig. 2, the pediment M extends'parallelto'the axis of'the shaft ['3 with extended portionsto lengthen the engaging'surfaces and provide a securer investment. The pediment I4 is provided at each side with a groove I5, which indented into the longitudinal sides of the pediment l4 form a broad rail-like head 16 on the bottom of the pediment It at the extreme end of the shank H. The head 16 together with the adjacent grooves l form angular shoulders I1. As shown in Fig. 3, the hammer tip II] has a central slot l8 extending inward from its upperiside and from. one end to the other, as indicated by' the unhat'ched portion of Fig. 4.. Referring. again to Fig, 3, a pair of lateral. grooves! 9 are undercutein the walls of the slot t8 to provide overhanging edges 29. diametricallypositioned along each. side of the central slot l8. Each overhanging edge 20 and its adjacent groove lfi'formashou-lder 2i. Theed'ges mlform tongues.

When the hammertip [0- is slid onto the shank H the pediment f4 fitsinto theopen endof-the slot 18 with the overhanging edges 28 fitting into the grooves l 5 and the sides of the-head Iii-fitting into the grooves l9. The shoulders l lengagethe tip Ill while the shoulders '2l engage theshank inclined with relation to each other, as. shown in: Fig. 4, to provide the tongue with a taper. The: taper of the grooves matches'the taperofthe; tonguesZii. The tapers run from left to right asv seen in Figs. 2 and 4 with the left ends of the tongues 20 and grooves l5 greater than their respective right ends. The rightend of each tongue 20 fits into the left end-of its respective groove [5 andthe tip I13 thus slid on the-pediment Hi.

When the tip I It isplaced on thepediment Hi andthe tongues l'fl slid into their respective surfaces are brought into congruence by the taper. The tongues 20 are forced into the grooves l5 so that they are in tight engagement with' the r spective upper surfaces. 22 and 25; and lower surfaces 24 and 21 in a binding. abutment. The medial vertical surfaces 23 and 2S are not ingripping engagement as neither are the nether surfaces of the head I 6 or thecurved surfaces of the grooves 19. The head It terminates in an end -surfaoe 2'8 and the slot it has a bottonnsufface 29 which also are not in engagement.

The shank II has a central, axial passage running from the surface 28 to the eye l2. A lock pin 3| is loosely fitted into this passage 30. The bottom 29 has a recess 32 centrally formed to be aligned with the passage 30 when the tip I0 is in position on the shank H. The lock pin 3| fits into this recess 32 thus locking the tip in from disengagement from the shank A strap 33 is positioned at the left end of the T-shaped slot |8 where the tongues 23 are thickest. The strap 33 fits into a corresponding notch 34 at the left end of the grooves IS. The strap 33 and notch 34 position the tip ID on the shank H and position the recess 32 in line with the lockpin 3| so that the lockpin 3| falls into the recess 32. The hammer shank II is then mounted on the shaft l3 holding the lockpin 3| in the recess 32.

There is a large tolerance between the diameter of the lockpin 3| and the passage 30 so that the lockpin 3| will readily drop out of the recess when the tip is renewed. The sides of the recess may be slightly tapered as indicated and the end of the lockpin is tapered to facilitate the dropping of the pins into the recess and thus avoid the necessity of a precise positioning of the tip I on the shank II.

In Fig. a modified lockpin 35 is not held by the shaft |2 in the shank The lockpin 35 fits into a passage 33 with a bottom 31. The pin fits in the passage and falls out when the tip is in place. The lockpin is held in the recess 32 of the tip H! by a set screw 38 with a beveled edge 39 of the set screw engaging the beveled edge 4!) of the lockpin 35. The set screw 38 is recessed below the outer surface of the shank l to protect it from damage. The lockpin 35 has a tapered lower end 4| seating in the recess 32 which may be correspondingly tapered.

Swing hammers of the type of this invention are subjected to extreme abrasion of the impact and crushin surfaces. They are also put under high tensile stress in the parts of the hammer attached to the rotor. The hammer is made of parts each adapted to serve its function best. It is a feature of this invention that the means for securing together these separate parts are protected from damage or destruction by the abuse in the crushing operation, and to best employ properties of each part in attaining a secure and permanent attachment. The hammer tip may be cast or even made of a drop forging and the material used will preferably be of manganese, steel or high carbon alloys or an abrasion-resistant, high carbon, steel. Various materials may be used in the shank portion, for

instance, a high tensile strength, low carbon,

steel. The structure, of various metals, combined in accordance with this invention involves a minimum of parts and simplicity in their assembly. The locking parts are protected from impact and abrasion while both side faces of the hammer tips may be employed for crushing by reversal of the hammer or the direction of rotation.

The above embodiment of this invention is for the purpose of description and is not intended to limit the scope. Various modifications are readily apparent without departure from the spirit of the invention. For example, the locking pin may pass through the pediment portion and look into the hammer tip at some other point and at the same time be protected and removable. It is, therefore, intended to limit this invention solely by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A hammer for a hammermill type crusher comprising a shank adapted at one end to be mounted on a rotor of a crusher and having at the other end a mounting tip disposed on each side of the longitudinal axis, mounting grooves on each side of the shank adjacent the tip and adapted to receive tapered tongue pieces, a locking pin, a bore within the shank for movably retaining the pin and extending through the tip between the mounting grooves to permit the pin to extend beyond the end of the tip in a locking position, a hammer head having spaced sides fitting around the sides of said tip and shank and overlapping with the extreme end of said bore and locking pin, strips on said sides projecting inwardly into the space between said sides and to form tongues adapted to be tightly gripped in said grooves, a recess in the hammer head between said sides and aligned with the bore to receive the end of said projecting locking pin, said movable locking pin being in a locking relationship when positioned between said grooves in overlapping relation with said sides and having an end portion protruding out of the end of said tip and fitting into said recess in said hammer for holding said head from sliding out of said grooves and off said shank.

2. A hammer for a hammermill type crusher comprising a shank adapted at one end to be mounted on a rotor of a crusher and having at the other end a mounting tip disposed on each side of the longitudinal axis, mounting grooves on each side of the shank adjacent the tip and adapted to receive tapered tongue pieces, a locking pin, a central concealed bore within the shank for removably retaining the pin and extending axially through the tip between the mounting grooves to permit the pin to extend beyond the end of the tip in a locking position, a hammer head having longitudinally extending spaced sides fitting around the sides of said tip and shank and overlapping with the extreme end of said bore and locking pin, strips on said sides projecting inwardly into the space between said sides and to form tongues adapted to be tightly gripped in said grooves, a recess in the hammer head between said sides and aligned with the bore to receive the end of said projecting locking pin, said movable locking pin being in a locking relationship when positioned between said grooves in overlapping relation with said sides and having an end portion protruding out of the end of said tip and fitting into said recess in said hammer for preventing the removal of said head from said shank.

EDWIN H. KEIPER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,212,991 Newhouse Jan. 16, 1917 2,152,332 Smith Mar. 28, 1939 2,460,279 Ehmann Feb. 1, 1949 2,558,107 Smith June 26, 1951 

